California Vehicle Bill of Sale (REG 135): Free Template and Title Transfer Rules

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Vehicle Bill of Sale (California)

This Vehicle Bill of Sale (“Agreement”) is made on [Date] in the State of California by and between:

Seller (Registered Owner):
[Full Legal Name: first, middle, last, suffix]
Driver License / ID Number: [DL or ID Number]
[Mailing Address]
[City, State, ZIP] Daytime Phone: [Phone]

Buyer (New Owner):
[Full Legal Name: first, middle, last, suffix]
[Mailing Address]
[City, State, ZIP]

The DMV’s own Bill of Sale, form REG 135, records the seller’s printed name, signature, date, driver license or ID number, mailing address and daytime phone, and the buyer’s printed name and mailing address. Keep the same details here so this document matches the state form line for line.

Price, Method, and Receipt

The Parties fix the sale payment amount at $[Amount]. Payment method: [Cash / Cashier’s check / Bank transfer / Financing]. Date of payment: [Date of Payment]. Seller acknowledges receipt in full, inclusive of any prior deposit of $[Deposit or “None”]. If this transfer is a gift, the gift value is $[Value] and the relationship of Buyer to Seller is [e.g., parent, spouse, friend]. Buyer pays California use tax on the purchase price at the rate for the address where the Vehicle will be registered.

Delivery / Transfer Timing

Delivery occurs at [Location] on [Delivery Date/Time]. From delivery forward, Buyer bears risk of loss and responsibility for operation. Standard California license plates remain with the Vehicle. Personalized or special interest plates: ☐ none ☐ Seller keeps them and replaces them before delivery ☐ Seller releases them to Buyer on form REG 17.

Vehicle Identification Details

Vehicle Identification:
Vehicle Identification Number: [VIN]
Year Model: [Year]
Make: [Make]
Model: [Model]
Body Type: [Body Type]
License Plate / CF Number: [Plate]
Title brand, if any: [None / Salvage / Revived Salvage / other, as shown on the title]
Legal owner (lienholder), if any: [Name, or “None”]

Odometer Statement

At the time of transfer the odometer shows [Mileage] miles (no tenths). Indicate one:
☐ Actual mileage ☐ Not the actual mileage, WARNING – ODOMETER DISCREPANCY ☐ Mileage in excess of the odometer mechanical limits

Federal law requires the seller to state the mileage in connection with the transfer of ownership. It goes on the California title or, if the title has no space for it, on a Vehicle/Vessel Transfer and Reassignment form (REG 262) signed by both Parties. Providing a false statement may result in fines and/or imprisonment.

Title, Liens, and Payoff

Seller warrants title and states the Vehicle is free of liens except: [Legal owner name and address, or “None”]. Seller signs line 1 of the California Certificate of Title to release interest; where the title names co-owners joined by “and”, each owner signs, and where joined by “or”, one owner may sign. Any legal owner of record releases its interest on the title before the DMV issues Buyer a new one. Any listed lien will be released upon payoff and the release evidence delivered within [X] business days after funds clear.

Taxes, Registration, and Fees

Buyer will submit the properly endorsed title to the DMV within 10 days (Vehicle Code 5902) and will pay the $15 transfer fee within 30 days of the transfer to avoid a late penalty, together with use tax (7.25% to 10.25% by the registration address), any registration and vehicle license fees due, and the $8 smog transfer fee if the Vehicle is four model years old or newer. Buyer provides proof of insurance. A family transfer or gift exempt from use tax is documented on a Statement of Facts (REG 256).

Smog Certification and Condition

Seller delivers a valid smog certificate issued within the last 90 days, at or before delivery (Vehicle Code 24007), unless the Vehicle is exempt: gasoline, hybrid or alternative-fuel vehicles four model years old or newer, gasoline vehicles of model year 1975 and older, diesel vehicles of model year 1997 and older, electric vehicles, or a transfer between immediate family members. Smog certificate date: [Date or “Exempt”].

Buyer confirms a chance to inspect and test-drive the Vehicle and accepts it AS-IS, with all faults, unless a written warranty is attached. Promised items after closing: [List or “None”].

Optional Notary Acknowledgment

California does not require a vehicle bill of sale or a private title transfer to be notarized; REG 135 is certified under penalty of perjury. The Parties may nonetheless have this Agreement acknowledged with a California all-purpose certificate of acknowledgment:
State of California, County of [County]. On [Date] before me, [Notary name], personally appeared [Names].
Notary Public Signature: ____________________ (Seal)

Governing Law / Venue

This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of California. Venue lies in [County] County, California.

Entire Agreement; Changes

This Agreement supersedes all prior communications. Revisions must be signed by both Parties. Do not alter a signed copy; prepare a clean one and sign it again.

California Filing Checklist

Which document transfers ownership. The California Certificate of Title, released by the registered owner on line 1 with the odometer disclosure, and forwarded by the buyer to the DMV within 10 days with the transfer fee (Vehicle Code 5902). If the title is lost, the seller first completes an Application for Replacement or Transfer of Title (REG 227).

When DMV needs a bill of sale. When the seller is not the owner whose name is on the title: then a bill of sale signed by both the seller and the titled owner is required. REG 135 is the DMV’s form for it.

Seller, at and after the sale:

  • Sign line 1 of the title (every “and” co-owner signs); enter the odometer reading, or complete REG 262 with the buyer

  • Give the buyer a smog certificate from the last 90 days, unless exempt

  • Give the buyer the title, any lien release, and this bill of sale

  • File the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (REG 138 or online) within 5 calendar days (Vehicle Code 5900)

  • Keep personalized plates or release them to the buyer on REG 17; standard plates stay on the car

Buyer, within 10 days, at the DMV. Bring:

  • The signed title (or REG 227 and REG 262 where needed)

  • The smog certificate, or pay the $8 smog transfer fee for a vehicle four model years old or newer

  • This bill of sale, and REG 256 for a family transfer or gift

  • Proof of insurance

  • Payment: $15 transfer fee (within 30 days to avoid a penalty), use tax at your address’s rate, and any registration and vehicle license fees due

Seller’s protection. Once the DMV receives the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability, liability for parking violations, traffic violations and civil litigation after the date of sale moves to the buyer. Filed online, the record updates within one business day.

Tax. Use tax at the same rate as sales tax for the registration address, 7.25% to 10.25%. Exempt with REG 256: transfers between spouses, parents, children, grandparents and grandchildren, and between siblings when both are minors; gifts marked “gift” on the title.

Sources: California Vehicle Code §§ 5900 (seller’s notice within 5 calendar days), 5902 (transferee within 10 days), 9553 (late penalties), 24007 (seller provides smog certificate); California DMV, “Registration for a Vehicle Purchased from a Private Party”, “Title Transfers and Changes”, “Registration Fees” (transfer $15, smog transfer $8), Vehicle Industry Registration Procedures Manual 11.015 and 11.125, forms REG 135 (rev. 2/2007), REG 138, REG 227, REG 256, REG 262; Bureau of Automotive Repair, “Smog Check”; CDTFA Publication 52, “Vehicles and Vessels: Use Tax” (November 2025). Verified 28 September 2026.

Signatures

Seller’s Signature: _______________________ Date: __________
Printed Name: _____________________________ DL, ID or Dealer #: __________
Co-Seller’s Signature (if any): ____________________

Buyer’s Signature: ________________________ Date: __________
Printed Name: _____________________________

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California Vehicle Bill of Sale (REG 135): Free Template and Title Transfer Rules

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Frequently asked · California private vehicle sales

Vehicle Bill of Sale (California) · REG 135, title line 1, smog certificate, release of liability in 5 days, buyer's 10 days

Eight questions to settle before you sign a California vehicle bill of sale. California is unusual in three ways: the seller, not the buyer, pays for the smog check and hands over a certificate from the last 90 days; the seller has only five calendar days to file the release of liability; and the plates normally stay on the car, so the buyer drives away on the seller's registration until the transfer is recorded.

01 Basics

What is a California vehicle bill of sale, and what is form REG 135?

REG 135 is the California DMV's Bill of Sale: a half-page form with the VIN, year model, make and plate or CF number; the statement that the seller "sell, transfer, and deliver" the vehicle to the buyer on a date for a selling price; a gift line with the relationship and gift value; the seller's certification under penalty of perjury with signature, date and driver license, ID or dealer number; and the buyer's name and address.

REG 135 is printed twice on one sheet, with a "cut on line and save for your records" copy. This template follows it field for field and adds what a private sale needs on paper but the form leaves out: payment method, delivery time and place, the odometer statement, the smog certificate date, the plates decision, and the as-is clause.

02 Requirement

Is a bill of sale required for a private car sale in California?

Usually not. The DMV transfers a car bought from a private party on the title (the "pink slip") signed by the seller on line 1, a record of the odometer mileage, a smog certification and the fees. A bill of sale becomes required when the seller is not the owner whose name is on the title: then the DMV wants one signed by both the seller and the titled owner.

  • Title line 1 is the release. Co-owners joined by "and" or "/" must each sign; joined by "or" or "and/or", one signature is enough; a legal owner (lienholder) releases its interest separately (DMV procedures manual 11.015).
  • Odometer. On the title, or on a Vehicle/Vessel Transfer and Reassignment form (REG 262) signed by both parties when the title has no space. REG 262 is printed on security paper and not available online.
  • Why sign one anyway. It records the price for the use tax, the smog certificate date, and the moment of delivery that the seller reports on the release of liability.
03 Signing

Does a California bill of sale need to be notarized?

No. REG 135 is certified under penalty of perjury under the laws of California, and a private title transfer is not notarized. The only notary step nearby is section 5 of REG 227, the application for a replacement or transfer of title, and only when the vehicle has a legal owner (lienholder) of record.

If the title is lost, stolen or damaged, the seller completes REG 227 before the sale. Titles issued by the DMV after a transfer usually arrive by mail within 15 to 30 days (DMV, Title Transfers and Changes). The optional notary block in this template is for parties who want an acknowledged copy.

04 Smog

Who needs the smog check when a car is sold privately in California?

The seller provides it. Vehicle Code 24007 requires the seller to give the purchaser a valid certificate of compliance at or before delivery, and the Bureau of Automotive Repair adds that for a private-party sale the vehicle must have passed a Smog Check within the last 90 days.

  • No smog check for a change of ownership: gasoline, hybrid and alternative-fuel vehicles four model years old or newer (the buyer pays an $8 smog transfer fee instead), gasoline vehicles 1975 and older, diesel vehicles 1997 and older or over 14,000 lbs, and electric vehicles (BAR, Smog Check).
  • Family transfers between immediate family members need no smog check.
  • Check first: BAR publishes each vehicle's inspection history online; ask the seller for the vehicle inspection report.
05 Ownership

Bill of sale versus title: which one transfers the car in California?

The title. The buyer who receives a properly endorsed title must forward it to the DMV with the transfer fee within 10 days and so apply for transfer of registration (Vehicle Code 5902). The bill of sale records the deal; the DMV record changes only when the title is processed.

Until then the seller's protection is the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (NRL, form REG 138 or online), due within five calendar days (Vehicle Code 5900). Once the DMV has it, liability for parking and traffic violations and civil litigation after the date of sale becomes the buyer's. Because standard plates stay with the car in California, this notice is what separates the seller from the buyer's driving.

06 Tax

How much is use tax on a private car sale in California, and what fees does the buyer pay?

Use tax, collected by the DMV, at the sales tax rate of the address where the car will be registered: 7.25% to 10.25% of the purchase price (CDTFA Publication 52).

  • Transfer fee: $15, due within 30 days of the transfer to avoid a late penalty (DMV, Registration Fees).
  • Smog transfer fee: $8 for a vehicle four model years old or newer.
  • Registration: any fees due on the vehicle, including the vehicle license fee of 0.65% of its value, depending on where it is in its registration year.
  • Exempt from use tax with a Statement of Facts (REG 256): transfers between spouses, parents, children, grandparents and grandchildren, and between siblings when both are minors; and gifts marked "gift" on the title.

If the transfer fee is paid on time, the use tax can follow without penalty when the application clears (DMV procedures manual 11.015).

07 Deadlines

What are the deadlines after a private car sale in California?

Seller: 5 calendar days for the release of liability. Buyer: 10 days to send in the title, 30 days to pay the transfer fee without penalty. The smog certificate must be less than 90 days old on the day of sale.

  • Seller, at delivery: signed title, smog certificate (unless exempt), odometer disclosure, this bill of sale.
  • Seller, 5 calendar days: NRL on REG 138 or online; the DMV record updates within one business day of an online filing.
  • Buyer, 10 days: endorsed title to the DMV with the transfer fee (Vehicle Code 5902).
  • Buyer, 30 days: transfer fee paid, or a late penalty is added (Vehicle Code 9553).
  • Buyer, registration expiring: if the registration expires after the transfer, the buyer has 20 days from the transfer date to renew without penalty.
08 Mistakes

What are the most common mistakes on a California bill of sale?

Selling "as-is, buyer does the smog", a release of liability never filed, a co-owner who never signed line 1, and a seller who is not the titled owner with no bill of sale from the owner.

  • Smog pushed onto the buyer. The law puts it on the seller; an as-is clause does not change Vehicle Code 24007.
  • No NRL. With the plates on the car, the seller's name follows every ticket and toll until the notice is filed.
  • "And" co-owner missing. Titles joined by "and" or "/" need every owner's signature on line 1.
  • Seller is not on the title. The DMV then requires a bill of sale signed by both the seller and the titled owner.
  • Odometer left blank. Use REG 262 when the title has no space; both sign.
  • Waiting. 10 days for the title, 30 days for the fee; after that, penalties.
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